MOTHER TONGUE AND ITS IMPACTS ON SOCIAL LIFE IN CANADA
Mother Tongue And Its Impacts On Social Life In Canada
Canada is a country that has two official languages, namely English and French. However, the status of English and French as Canada's official languages does not mean that they are widely spoken throughout the country or that every Canadian is bilingual. The fact is that most Canadians speak English. According to statistics Canada (2006) that about 60% of the Canadian population the mother tongue is English. Meanwhile, according to statistics Canada (2006) about 22% of Canadians use French as their mother tongue. The majority of the French-speaking population in Canada live in the province of Quebec. Apart from English and French, in Canada there are several other languages that are largely affected by immigration, namely Chinese, Punjabi, Arabic and Aboriginal.
In Canada as a whole most
language shifts are towards English, in the province of Quebec both English and
French are converged languages. In the Montreal metropolitan area where more
than 80% of immigrants to Quebec and about half of the language shift are
towards French. According to Holmes (2013) that demographic factors are also
relevant in calculating the speed of language shift, language shift tends to
last longer in rural areas than in urban areas. In addition, in Canada there
are native Canadian languages including Cree, Inuktitut, Ojibwe, Innu, Dene
Suline, Anishinini, Mi'kmaq, Dakota / Sioux, Atikamekw and others with a number
of speakers below 5,000. However, the small number of people who use the
language does not make the language death because the official language of
minority groups in many provinces and regions has the right to be taught in
their language.
Pict by: https://images.app.goo.gl/QkYEHFEDbRSvZXZe9
Impacts on social life
The social impacts felt by the
Canadian people as a bilingual country are:
- English and French have the same status in the Canadian Parliament, in federal courts and in all federal states.
- Everyone has the right to be tried criminally in English or French.
- Canadians must be able to speak English and French.
- Nearly 98% of Canadians speak English or French or both.
- The public will encounter road signs, TV and radio, product packaging, and billboards, etc. using two languages, namely English, French or both.
- There are 2 versions of their national anthem, Ooo Canada, namely the English and French versions.
- People sometimes use two languages interchangeably, for example in Montreal Canada.
Thus, Canada as a destination country for immigration in
the world has a variety of languages and cultures. Canada recognizes English
and French as official languages. English and French are designated as official
languages in Canada through the Official Language Act (English: Official
Language Act, French: Loi sur les langues officielles) signed in
1969. However, this does not make the language of minorities to be language
death because of the formal regulation like school, they are have a right to be taught in their minority language.
References:
https://id.traasgpu.com/bahasa-di-kanada/
http://www.canadaseek.com/fakta-unik-mengenai-bahasa-di-kanada/
https://www.cairn-int.info/article-E_POPU_1504_0771--the-dynamics-of-language-shift-in.htm
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.kompasiana.com/amp/radiguna/canada-1-negara-2-bahasa_550031df813311791bfa7327
Holmes, J. (2013).
Introduction to sociolinguistics. Routledge.
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